Caught a Southern Flounder Inshore in Charleston

Southern Flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) are distinctive flatfish belonging to the order Pleuronectiformes and family Paralichthyidae. These oval-shaped fish are easily recognized by having both eyes positioned on the left side of their head, an adaptation that allows them to lie flat on the bottom while watching for prey above. In Charleston waters this January, these bottom-dwellers are actively feeding in the inshore areas where Captain Adrian targets them.

Southern Flounder Overview

Southern Flounder are prized gamefish known for their excellent table fare and challenging fight when hooked. These flatfish are masters of camouflage, changing color to match sandy and muddy bottoms where they ambush unsuspecting prey. Anglers value them for their delicate, flaky white meat and the skill required to locate them in their preferred habitat.

Southern Flounder Habitat and Distribution

These fish inhabit coastal waters from North Carolina to Texas, thriving in inshore waters, channels, rivers, and nearshore areas. Around Mount Pleasant, they're commonly found in shallow bays, tidal creeks, and around structure where they can blend with the bottom. They prefer areas with sandy or muddy substrates and moderate current flow.

Southern Flounder Size and Weight

Southern Flounder typically range from 12 to 33 inches in length, with most caught fish weighing between 1 to 4 pounds. Larger specimens can exceed these averages, with trophy fish occasionally reaching weights over 5 pounds in prime habitat areas.

Southern Flounder Diet and Behavior

These ambush predators feed primarily on shrimp, crabs, small fish, and marine worms. They bury themselves in sand or mud with only their eyes exposed, waiting to strike at passing prey. Most active during dawn and dusk, they also feed throughout the day when conditions are right, making them excellent targets for afternoon fishing trips.

Southern Flounder Spawning Season

Spawning occurs in offshore waters during fall and early winter months when water temperatures drop. Adults migrate to deeper waters for reproduction, while juveniles move into shallow inshore areas where they develop. This seasonal movement creates excellent fishing opportunities in inshore waters during winter months.

Southern Flounder Fishing Techniques

Bottom fishing with live bait proves most effective, using shrimp, mud minnows, or small crabs near structure and drop-offs. Drift fishing allows anglers to cover more water while presenting bait naturally. In January around Charleston, anglers find success fishing shallow flats and channel edges where flounder ambush prey moving with the tide.

Southern Flounder Is It Good to Eat?

Southern Flounder are considered excellent table fare with mild, sweet, flaky white meat that's low in fat and high in protein. The delicate flavor works well with simple preparations like pan-frying, baking, or grilling. They're also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids and have relatively low mercury levels compared to larger predatory fish.

Southern Flounder Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the best bait for Southern Flounder?

A: Live shrimp, mud minnows, and small crabs work best. Fresh cut bait like mullet or pinfish also produces good results when fished on the bottom near structure.

Q: Where can I find Southern Flounder near Charleston?

A: Look for them in shallow bays, tidal creeks, around docks and structure, and along channel edges where they can ambush prey. Sandy and muddy bottoms in 3-15 feet of water are prime areas.

Q: Is Southern Flounder good to eat?

A: Yes, they're excellent table fare with mild, sweet, flaky white meat that's perfect for pan-frying, baking, or grilling. The meat is lean and high in protein with a delicate flavor.

Q: When is the best time to catch Southern Flounder?

A: Fall through early spring offers the best action, with winter months being particularly productive in inshore waters. Dawn and dusk are peak feeding times, though they can be caught throughout the day.

Q: What size Southern Flounder can I keep in South Carolina?

A: Check current South Carolina regulations for minimum size limits and bag limits, as these can change seasonally. Captain Adrian stays current on all regulations to ensure compliance.

Q: How do you tell Southern Flounder from Summer Flounder?

A: Southern Flounder have numerous light and dark spots, while Summer Flounder have more distinct ocellated spots. Southern Flounder also tend to be smaller on average and prefer slightly different habitat areas.